G.I Tract (MCQ1)
Question One: Please match the description given with the structure in the gastrointestinal tract that it describes? Choices may be used more than one
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1.
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Stores bile until it is secreted.
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A.
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Anus
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2.
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Fingerlike extensions in the intestinal wall that increase surface area.
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B.
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Appendix
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3.
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One anatomical region where mechanical digestion occurs.
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C.
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Esophagus
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4.
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Organ that mixes food in the mouth.
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D.
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Gallbladder
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5.
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Common passage for food and air.
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E.
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Large Intestines (Colon)
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6.
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Literally a food chute; it has no digestive or absorptive role.
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F.
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Microvilli
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7.
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Projections of the plasma membrane of a cell that increase the cell’s surface area.
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G.
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Mouth (Oral cavity)
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8.
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Produces a juice that neutralizes stomach acid and contains digestive enzymes.
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H.
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Pancreas
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9.
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Organ responsible for absorption of most nutrients.
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I.
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Pharynx
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10.
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Organ primarily involved in water absorption and feces formation.
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J.
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Rectum
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11.
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Blind sac hanging from the initial part of the colon.
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K.
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Salivary Glands
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12.
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Organ in which protein digestion begins.
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L.
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Small intestines
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13.
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Organ into which the stomach empties.
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M.
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Stomach
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14.
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Organ that receives pancreatic juice and bile.
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N.
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Tongue
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15.
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Opening through which feces are expelled from the body.
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O.
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Villi
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16.
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Produces bile.
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P.
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Liver
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17.
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Produce enzymes that begin carbohydrate digestion.
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18.
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Stores feces until they are excreted.
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Question Two: Multiple Choice
Please answer all questions?
1. Which of the following is NOT an accessory structure of the digestive system?
A. Liver.
B. Gallbladder.
C. Pancreas.
D. Spleen.
E. None of above.
2. Salivary amylase secreted into the oral cavity starts the digestion of
A. Proteins.
B. Starch.
C. Lipids.
D. Amino acids.
E. All of above.
3. Which of these is not one of the three pairs of extrinsic salivary glands?
A. Parotid.
B. Palatine.
C. Submandibular.
D. Sublingual.
E. A and C.
4. During which phase of gastric secretion is gastric juice released?
A. Cephalic phase.
B. Gastric phase.
C. Intestinal phase.
D. All of above.
E. None of above.
5. Which of these is a structural modification unique to the small intestine?
A. Plicae circulares.
B. Villi.
C. Microvilli.
D. All of above.
E. None of above.
6. Parasympathetic impulses to the gastrointestinal tract generally inhibit peristalsis and secretions while impulses from the sympathetic division increase the rate of digestion.
A. True.
B. False.
7. The endocrine functions of the pancreas are performed by the pancreatic islets, while the exocrine secretory functions are provided by the pancreatic acini.
A. True.
B. False.
8. What mouth part helps to mix food with saliva, moves food toward the pharynx for swallowing, and houses taste receptor cells?
A. Lips.
B. Palate.
C. Tongue.
D. Cheeks.
E. All of above.
9. What initiates the swallowing reflex?
A. Fear of choking on food.
B. The tongue rolling the bolus to the pharynx.
C. Sensory receptors detecting the bolus in the pharynx.
D. Secretion of saliva at the thought of food.
10.The pancreas secretes enzymes that enter the small intestine and chemically digest chyme. Choose the enzyme(s) that break(s) down fats.
A. Carboxypeptidase.
B. Pancreatic lipase.
C. Trypsinogen.
D. Pancreatic amylase.
11.What is the primary purpose of the liver in aiding digestion?
A. Produces digestive enzymes.
B. Produces alkaline solution to neutralize stomach acidity.
C. Produces bile to emulsify fats in the small intestine.
D. Produces substances that aid the large intestine in water absorption.
E. None of above.
12.How are the components of fats absorbed in the small intestine?
A. Specific receptor proteins carry fatty acids across the intestinal wall and into the bloodstream.
B. Fatty acids are transported by active transport to the bloodstream.
C. Components of lipids diffuse through small intestinal cell membranes, are reconstructed in the cells, then carried off by lacteals as chylomicrons.
D. Components of lipids diffuse through small intestinal cell membranes and into the bloodstream where they are carried to the liver for processing.
13.The enzyme salivary amylase begins to digest which molecules?
A. Proteins.
B. Carbohydrates.
C. Lipids.
D. Nucleic acids.
14.What does the pancreatic duct directly join to?
A. Jejunum.
B. Liver.
C. Ileum.
D. Duodenum.
15.Which structure does the appendix come off of?
A. Transverse colon.
B. Descending colon.
C. Ascending colon.
D. Small intestine.
16.Gastrin secretion will stop when the stomach pH reaches:
A. 7.0
B. 4.5
C. 1.5
D. 3.0
17.The Kupffer cells are phagocytic cells found in the:
A. Gallbladder.
B. Pancreas.
C. Intestine.
D. Liver.
18.Which of these is a water soluble vitamin:
A. D
B. C
C. E
D. K
19.How long can it take for food to completely pass through the large intestine?
A. 10 minutes
B. 1 hour
C. 5 hours
D. 20 hours
20.What is the largest gland in the body?
A. Liver.
B. Gallbladder.
C. Pancreas.
D. Large intestine.
